Introduction:
It is the branch of engineering
which deals with the measurement, monitoring, display etc. of the several of
energy exchanges which take place during process operations. "In short
Instrumentation is the study of Instrument."
Instrument:
Instrument is a
device which is used to measure, monitor, display etc. of a process variable.
Some
Saudi Aramco Standards (SAES):
1-
SAES – J-001
(Instrument Index)
2-
SAES – J-002 (Regulated
Vendor List for Instrument/Technically Acceptable Instrument)
3-
SAES – J-003
(Basic Design Criteria)
4-
SAES – J-004
(Instrument Symbol and Identification)
5-
SAES – J-005
(Drawing and Forms)
6-
SAES – J-100
(Flow Measurement)
7-
SAES – J-200
(Pressure Measurement)
8-
SAES – J-300
(Level Measurement)
9-
SAES – J-400
(Temperature Measurement)
10-
SAES – J-502
(Analyzer Shelter)
11-
SAES – J-505 (Combustible
Gas and Hydrogen Sulfide in Air Detection System).
12-
SAES – J-600
(Pressure Relief Valve)
13-
SEAS – J-601
(Emergency Shutdown and Isolation Systems)
14-
SAES – J-700
(Control Valve)
15-
SAES – J-801
(Control Building)
16-
SAES – J-901
(Instrument Air Supply System)
17-
SAES – J-902
(Electrical System for Instrumentation) – Cable tray
Noise Susceptibility Levels (NSL)
18-
SAES – J-903
(Intrinsically Safe System)
19-
SAES – B-006
(Fire Proofing of Cable for Fire Hazardous Area)
20-
SAES – B-068
(Electrical Area Classification)
21-
SAES – P-104
(Wiring Methods and Materials)
22-
SAES – P-111
(Grounding)
23-
SAES – P-103
(UPS and DC System)
24-
SAES – T-634 (Telecommunications - Cable Testing and
Acceptance)
25-
SAES – T-796 (Communications Facility Grounding
Systems)
26-
SAES – T-911 (Telecommunication Conduit System Design)
Various NEC article numbers:
250 Grounding and Bonding
300 Wiring Methods & Materials
320 Armored Cable
344 Rigid Metal Conduits
352 Rigid Nonmetallic Conduits
354 Nonmetallic Underground Conduits
358 High Density Polyethylene Conduits
360 Flexible Metallic Tubing
362 Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing (ENT)
366 Power and Tray Cable
392 Cable Tray
500/505 Hazardous Location
504 Intrinsically Safe System
700
Emergency System
727 Instrument Cable Tray
760 Fire Alarm System
Some
Abbreviations:
QCP Quality Control Plan
ITP Inspection Test Plan
TQ Technical Query
SAEP Saudi Aramco Engineering
Procedure
SAES Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard
SAIC Saudi
Aramco Inspection Checklist
SATIP Saudi
Aramco Typical Inspection Plan
SATR Saudi Aramco Test Report
SASD Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing
SAIP Saudi Aramco Inspection
Personal
SAMSS Saudi Aramco Materials System
Specification
SASO Saudi Arabian Standards
Organization
AWC Armor Wire Cable
NEC National Electrical Code
NACE National American Corrosion
Engineers
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data
Equation
ANSI American National Standards
Institute
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ASME American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
BS British Standards
IEEE Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineers
ICEA Insulated Cable Engineers
Associations
IEC International Electrotechnical
Commission
NEMA National Electrical Manufactures
Associations
NFPA National Fire Protection
Association
ATEX Atmospheres Explosibles
FM Factory Mutual
IP Ingress Protection
UL Underwriters Laboratories
ITC Instrument Tray Cable
PLTC Power Limited Tray Cable
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene
XLPO Cross Linked Polyolefin
HDP High Density Polyethylene
RTD Resistance Temperature
Detector
SWA Still Wire Armored
MICC Mineral Insulation Copper
Conductor
PILC Paper Insulation Copper Conductor
FOC Fiber Optical Cable
OTDR Optical
Time Domain Reflectometer
RTA Request for Technical Approval
MTC Material Test Certificate
Color
Code:
AC Supply: Phase Black
Neutral White
Ground Green
or Green with yellow tracer
DC Supply: Positive Red
Negative Black
Signal Pair: Positive Black
Negative White
Signal Tried: Positive
Black
Negative White
Third Wire Red
Thermocouple:
Positive as per ANSI MC 96.1 (Yellow)
Negative as per ANSI MC 96.1 (Red)
Instrumentation
Question And Answer
1.
What is QA/QC?
Ans: QA/QC
means, “Quality Assurance / Quality Control” The purpose of this (QA/QC) is to
establish the sequence of requirement for the quality of material, quality of
works, its inspection, and records.
2.
What is the MMG
Quality Control Management System?
Ans: ISO 9001 ~ 2000
3.
What is the
Quality Control?
Ans: Quality
Control “Those activities and techniques used to achieve and maintain the
quality of product, process or service”.
4.
What is Quality Control Plan?
Ans: Quality Plan
“Document Specification which procedures and associated resources shall be
applied by whom and when to specific project, product, process or contract”.
5.
What is non-conformity?
Ans: Non-conformity
“Non-fulfillment of requirement”. (Complete failure of a system, or controls,
which result in completely unsatisfactory goods or services being provided).
6.
What is the
Specification?
Ans: Governing Document Acceptance Criteria.
7.
Who are the
responsible for Quality?
Ans: Everybody within all organization.
8.
What is the basic
responsibility of a QA/QC personal?
Ans: To ensure execution of works and comply fully as
per standard and approved specs.
9.
What is the basic required document for a QA/QC
personal?
Ans: The basic
required documents for a QA/QC personal are as following.
ITP (Inspection Test Plan): To conduct the quality check (Inspection of Witness,
Surveillance and Hold Point) etc.
RFI: To conduct the inspection of completed work.
QR (Quality Record): To maintain the quality records of completed works
etc.
NCR: To issue warning in case of serious violation of
standard.
WP (Work Procedure): Standard procedure to execute the works.
P & ID: As a reference to ensure that the work is as per
standard drawing.
MTC: To ensure that material comply the PES standard
specs.
Calibration Report: To ensure parameters are function checked as per
IDS.
PP (Project Plan): To ensure that the instruments are installation as
per P & ID and PP as per convenience.
Hook-up: To ensure that the remote connection of pneumatic
is done correctly.
Wiring Diagrams: To ensure that wiring is done correctly
ILD: To ensure that the sequential wiring is done
correctly.
IDS/ISS: To ensure that the instruments comply with the
basic requirement.
QCO: To issue a warning in case of little violation and
observation.
DR: Discrepancy Report.
10.
What are QA/QC’s ITP and QCP? Give brief?
Ans: ITP:
This procedure informs about the kinds of quality check (surveillance,
inspection, witness or hold pints) means quality of works is being done in
proper sequences.
QCP: This procedure addresses the activities and
requirement in details.
